Prinzmetal's angina can cause?

Prinzmetal's angina can cause?

• A. ST segment depression in the absence of infarction
• B. ST segment elevation in absence of infarction
• C. Normal EKG findings
• D. T wave inversion in all leads

Answer: (B)

Prinzmetal's angina is characterized by episodes of chest pain due to coronary artery spasm, which can temporarily reduce or completely occlude blood flow to the heart muscle. This condition can lead to specific changes on the electrocardiogram (EKG), primarily ST segment elevation.

The significance of ST segment elevation in the context of Prinzmetal's angina lies in the fact that this elevation occurs in the absence of a myocardial infarction (MI). During the episodes of angina, the spasm causes transient ischemia which manifests as ST segment elevation, typically resolving when the spasm relieves. This is different from other types of angina or infarction, where ST segment elevation may occur due to irreversible damage to the heart muscle.

Consequently, the presence of ST segment elevation confirms that there is a physiological response occurring due to ischemia, yet the heart tissue remains viable because there is no necrosis involved. Hence, the correct understanding of Prinzmetal's angina on an EKG includes the recognition of this characteristic ST segment elevation during episodes of pain, distinguishing it from other conditions that may present differently.